就近原则：又称“就近一致原则”（proximity）,是指谓语与靠近的名词、代词在“人称、数”上保持一致。

主要有以下几种情况：一、由下列词语连接的并列主语，要使用就近原则1.there be 句型There is a book and some pencils on the table.There are some pencils and a book on the table.2.either orEither they or Sam is going to Shanghai next Sunday. =Either Sam or they are going to shanghai next Sunday.3.neither norNeither you nor he is right.=Neither he nor you are right.4.not… but…Not you but I am to blame.5.not only…but alsonot only Ann but also her parents stay at home every Sunday. = Not only Ann's parents but also she stays at home every Sunday.6.orWhat he does or what he says does not concern me.二、在倒装句中，谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。

In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people.在远处，能听见鼓掌声和人们的呼喊声。

就远原则：当用作主语成分后面跟有以下这些词引出短语时，谓语动词习惯上要与这些结构前面的主语保持一致。

（即与比较远的那个主语保持一致）1.As well asThe son,as well as his parents,wants to go there.2.（Together/along） withA woman with two children has come.Sam, together with his roommates, has seen the film.3.Rather thanHe rather than I is right.Jim, together with his classmates, is to blame.4.ExceptNo one except (but) me knows about this news.5.ButNobody but two students is in the room.6.No less thanMy father, no less than I, is a base-ball fan.同理还有Besides Including、In addition to、 Apart from

英语中有一些句子要遵循就近原则，常见提示词有there be句型，either...or ， neither...nor ， not only...but also例句：There is a book and some pencils on the desk.There are some pencils and a book on the desk.还有的句子要遵循就远原则，常见提示词有with， alone with ， together with， as well as ， besides， like， without ， except， but ， including ， rather...than，in addition to，apart from例句：He rather than I is right.Tracy，like many girls，loves dancing.